SpringCloudGateway(网关)

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Spring Cloud Gateway 是基于 WebFlux 框架实现的，而 WebFlux 框架底层则使用了高性能的 Reactor 模式通信框架 Netty。

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
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    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
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    <parent>
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        <artifactId>spring-cloud-demo2</artifactId>
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        <groupId>net.biancheng.c</groupId>
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        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
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    </parent>
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    <groupId>net.biancheng.c</groupId>
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    <artifactId>micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527</artifactId>
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    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
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    <name>micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527</name>
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    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
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    <properties>
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        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
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    </properties>
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    <dependencies>
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        <dependency>
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            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
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        </dependency>
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        <dependency>
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            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
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            <scope>test</scope>
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        </dependency>
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        <!--特别注意：在 gateway 网关服务中不能引入 spring-boot-starter-web 的依赖，否则会报错-->
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        <!-- Spring cloud gateway 网关依赖-->
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        <dependency>
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            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
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        </dependency>
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        <!--Eureka 客户端-->
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        <dependency>
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            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
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        </dependency>
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        <dependency>
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            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
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        </dependency>
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        <dependency>
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            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
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            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
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        </dependency>
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    </dependencies>
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    <build>
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        <plugins>
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            <plugin>
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                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
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            </plugin>
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        </plugins>
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    </build>
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</project>

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server:
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  port: 9527  #端口号
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spring:
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  application:
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    name: microServiceCloudGateway
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  cloud:
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    gateway: #网关路由配置
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      routes:
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        #将 micro-service-cloud-provider-dept-8001 提供的服务隐藏起来，不暴露给客户端，只给客户端暴露 API 网关的地址 9527
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        - id: provider_dept_list_routh   #路由 id,没有固定规则，但唯一，建议与服务名对应
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          uri: http://localhost:8001          #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
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          predicates:
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            #以下是断言条件，必选全部符合条件
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            - Path=/dept/list/**               #断言，路径匹配 注意：Path 中 P 为大写
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            - Method=GET #只能时 GET 请求时，才能访问
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eureka:
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  instance:
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    instance-id: micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527
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    hostname: micro-service-cloud-gateway
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  client:
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    fetch-registry: true
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    register-with-eureka: true
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    service-url:
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      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

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- Path=/dept/list/**
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- Method=GET

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package net.biancheng.c;
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import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
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import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
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import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
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@SpringBootApplication
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@EnableEurekaClient
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public class MicroServiceCloudGateway9527Application {
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    public static void main(String[] args) {
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        SpringApplication.run(MicroServiceCloudGateway9527Application.class, args);
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    }
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}

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lb://service-name

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server:
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  port: 9527 #端口号
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spring:
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  application:
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    name: microServiceCloudGateway  #服务注册中心注册的服务名
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  cloud:
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    gateway: #网关路由配置
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      discovery:
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        locator:
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          enabled: true #默认值为 true，即默认开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能，利用微服务名进行路由
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      routes:
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        #将 micro-service-cloud-provider-dept-8001 提供的服务隐藏起来，不暴露给客户端，只给客户端暴露 API 网关的地址 9527
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        - id: provider_dept_list_routh   #路由 id,没有固定规则，但唯一，建议与服务名对应
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          uri: lb://MICROSERVICECLOUDPROVIDERDEPT #动态路由，使用服务名代替上面的具体带端口   http://eureka7001.com:9527/dept/list
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          predicates:
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            #以下是断言条件，必选全部符合条件
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            - Path=/dept/list/**    #断言，路径匹配 注意：Path 中 P 为大写
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            - Method=GET #只能时 GET 请求时，才能访问
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eureka:
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  instance:
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    instance-id: micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527
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    hostname: micro-service-cloud-gateway
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  client:
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    fetch-registry: true
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    register-with-eureka: true
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    service-url:
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      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

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spring:
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  cloud:
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    gateway:
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      routes:
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        - id: xxxx
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          uri: xxxx
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          predicates:
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            - Path=xxxx
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          filters:
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            - AddRequestParameter=X-Request-Id,1024 #过滤器工厂会在匹配的请求头加上一对请求头，名称为 X-Request-Id 值为 1024
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            - PrefixPath=/dept #在请求路径前面加上 /dept
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            ……

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- id: provider_dept_get_routh
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  uri: lb://MICROSERVICECLOUDPROVIDERDEPT #使用服务名代替上面的具体带端口
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  predicates:
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    - Path=/get/**
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  filters:
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    - PrefixPath=/dept #在请求路径上增加一个前缀 /dept

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package net.biancheng.c.filter;
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import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
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import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
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import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
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import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
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import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
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import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
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import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
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import java.util.Date;
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/**
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* 自定义全局网关过滤器（GlobalFilter）
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*/
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@Component
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@Slf4j
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public class MyGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
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    @Override
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    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
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        log.info("进入自定义的全局过滤器 MyGlobalFilter" + new Date());
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        String uname = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("uname");
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        if (uname == null) {
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            log.info("参数 uname 不能为 null！");
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            exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.NOT_ACCEPTABLE);
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            return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
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        }
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        return chain.filter(exchange);
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    }
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    @Override
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    public int getOrder() {
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        //过滤器的顺序，0 表示第一个
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        return 0;
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    }
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}

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2021-10-21 16:25:39.450  INFO 19116 --- [ctor-http-nio-4] net.biancheng.c.filter.MyGlobalFilter    : Thu Oct 21 16:25:39 CST 2021进入自定义的全局过滤器 MyGlobalFilter
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2021-10-21 16:25:39.451  INFO 19116 --- [ctor-http-nio-4] net.biancheng.c.filter.MyGlobalFilter    : 参数 uname 不能为 null！